The moist atmosphere spontaneously generates a variety of interacting phenomena that span a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Water vapor, clouds, and precipitation play essential roles in regulating the global circulation through radiative and microphysical processes. The large-scale overturning circulation, for instance, is maintained by the longwave radiative cooling of water vapor and the compensating latent heating associated with cloud systems. Within this circulation, diverse phenomena emerge from turbulent motions in clouds and shallow cumulus convection to mesoscale systems such as squall lines and tropical cyclones, and further to planetary-scale variability such as the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). Moisture tends to accumulate and be transported on larger spatial scales but is rapidly consumed on smaller scales, leading to scale gaps between energy and moisture sources and sinks. Understanding how these multi-scale processes interact and shape the dynamics and thermodynamics of the moist atmosphere remains one of the central challenges in atmospheric science. This session aims to explore recent advances in understanding the broad spectrum of moist atmospheric phenomena and their interconnections. We welcome studies that approach this topic from modeling, observational, and theoretical perspectives, including innovative AI/ML or mathematical physics approaches. Example themes include the dynamics of the MJO and tropical cyclones, analyses of organized convection and extreme weather systems, cloud statistics from satellite observations, radiative-convective equilibrium studies, and high-resolution simulations using global storm-resolving models.

The moist atmosphere spontaneously generates a variety of interacting phenomena that span a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Water vapor, clouds, and precipitation play essential roles in regulating the global circulation through radiative and microphysical processes. The large-scale overturning circulation, for instance, is maintained by the longwave radiative cooling of water vapor and the compensating latent heating associated with cloud systems. Within this circulation, diverse phenomena emerge from turbulent motions in clouds and shallow cumulus convection to mesoscale systems such as squall lines and tropical cyclones, and further to planetary-scale variability such as the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). Moisture tends to accumulate and be transported on larger spatial scales but is rapidly consumed on smaller scales, leading to scale gaps between energy and moisture sources and sinks. Understanding how these multi-scale processes interact and shape the dynamics and thermodynamics of the moist atmosphere remains one of the central challenges in atmospheric science. This session aims to explore recent advances in understanding the broad spectrum of moist atmospheric phenomena and their interconnections. We welcome studies that approach this topic from modeling, observational, and theoretical perspectives, including innovative AI/ML or mathematical physics approaches. Example themes include the dynamics of the MJO and tropical cyclones, analyses of organized convection and extreme weather systems, cloud statistics from satellite observations, radiative-convective equilibrium studies, and high-resolution simulations using global storm-resolving models.