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The Earth accepts vast radiation and the plasma flow of the solar wind from the Sun. We study the responses of the Earth's atmosphere and ionosphere/magnetosphere to these inputs, together with the solar wind itself. These studies contribute to the use of the space and the prediction of atmospheric changes. The research project "Study of coupling processes in the solar-terrestrial system" has been continuously designated as a priority large-scale research project in the Master Plan. According to the "Future Science Promotion Concept" by the Science Council of Japan, the project was upgraded as follows. We establish a group of ground-based observation instruments for the studies from the solar wind to the earth and observe solar wind velocity, ionospheric and magnetospheric variations in the polar region, global atmospheric vertical coupling in the equatorial region, and ionospheric, upper and middle atmospheric fluctuations in all latitude regions. Observations and long-term monitoring are planned for more than 10 years. The project consists of Equatorial MU radar, EISCAT_3D radar, wide-area ground observation network, next-generation solar wind observation system, and observation data management system. We would like to discuss the current status and future of the research projects. We are also looking forward for research papers in broad atmospheric sciences and solar-terrestrial physics, i.e., ground and satellite observations, networks, solar wind, space weather, models, database-related research, etc.